Saison vs. Farmhouse Ale: Understanding the Differences in Belgian-French Brewing
Belgium and France are renowned countries for their rich beer brewing culture. Two of the most popular and iconic beer styles hailing from these regions are Saison and Farmhouse Ale, which are often used interchangeably, but they are not the same thing. Unfortunately, the brewing industry has done little to differentiate between the two, causing some misunderstanding among beer lovers. In this article, we will explore and explain the differences between Saison and Farmhouse Ale.
The Origins of Saison and Farmhouse Ale
Saison is a French word that translates to “season” or “seasonal”. This beer originated in the southern region of Belgium in the 19th century. Farmers brewed it in the winter months to consume during the summer after harvesting. This beer style typically features fruity, spicy, and earthy flavors, with a dry finish.
Farmhouse Ale, on the other hand, has its roots in northern France, particularly in the region of Flanders. It was initially brewed by farmers in the same way they did Saison—using locally grown grains, adjuncts, and yeast. It usually has a spicy, earthy, and fruity character, like Saison.
The Brewing Process of Saison and Farmhouse Ale
One of the significant differences between Saison and Farmhouse Ale is the fermentation temperature. Saison is brewed at a higher temperature compared to Farmhouse Ale. Saison yeast thrives in a warm environment, which accentuates its fruity character, while Farmhouse Ale yeast can handle lower temperatures.
The grain bill for Saison includes malted barley, wheat, and sometimes rye, to provide a lighter color, while Farmhouse Ale uses coarse, unfiltered grains such as oats, spelt, and grits.
Style Differences
Saison’s flavor profile includes citrusy and spicy notes, with a clean finish. It pairs well with poultry, seafood, and salads. On the other hand, Farmhouse Ales are sweet and malty, with a tart finish. It pairs well with spicy dishes, smoked meats, and roasted vegetables.
The Takeaway
In summary, Saison and Farmhouse Ale are two different beer styles. They may share some similarities in their taste, but they have different origins, brewing process, and flavor profiles. Saison is typically fruity with a dry finish, while Farmhouse Ale is malty with a tart finish. Selecting between the two beers will depend on individual taste preference. However, understanding each beer style's fundamental differences can help make an informed decision next time you are at a bar or brewery in Belgium or France.